MEETING NOTES - JUNE 22ND
The June meeting of LIST group was called to order at 2:15PM.
but two old members, who had been dropped from the rolls, renewed.
this meeting. Paul D. apologized for incorrectly listing the June meeting date.
on the 29th.
OLD BUSINESS
L. 1. S.T. 6
er"
July August
September
1986
Issue Price $ 3.50
There have been no nev members since the last meeting,
There were 18 members and one guest present for
We hope not too many people show up’
Paul D. noted that since Izzie C. was leaving for Florida (permanently), a new newsletter editor would be required for
Some edit Pë material is already on hand. No
Those not attending are requested to contact Chuck R. or Paul D. if they'd like
the October issue. This Mega issue will cover the grdp until then.
one present volunteered for the job.
to edit LISTing.
NEW BUSINESS
Harvey R. suggested we set up a public domain library for the non-copyrighted material on the LIST tapes. This was
agreeable, in concept, to the majority of those present.
run, charges to members (e.g., $3/tape or so), postage, etc.)at the next meeting.
Harvey also, mentioned that TS mailing lists are available at $7/1000 names.
discussed, but it was felt that the cost might not justify the return.
Stoney McM. wanted to know if the East Coast Computerfest had been firmed up yet. Nobody knew.
PRESENTATIONS
Nazir demoed his Timex Portugal (Zebra) disk drive with CP/M.
board and boots frema 3" CP/M disk.
on finding a 100% compatable 5 1/4" CP/M format.
CP/M software from the public domain libraries.
be provided next issue.
Peter Ross showed us his "Chromatech" drawing program.
able from Zebra in the near future.
Harvey was requested to submit a formal proposal (costs to
Using these to promote membership was
The system was modified to have 64K on the controller
He believes the formatting is similar to Televideo's and will continue research
Bob G. has Aerco's CP/M.
With this, users need only hook up a 5 1/4" drive and start orderíng
À directory of the supplied programs will
An excellent "artist" type program, it will probably be avail-
Peter also, demoed some BASIC-only Sound generator programs that really put the
Sound chip on his 2068 through its paces; as he exercised envelopes, channels, decBy rates, etc.
John P. demoed "Talking Eliza", an artificial intelligence program from the book "Creative Games for the 2068" which
bas been enhanced to use the Zebra talker to speak, both imput and Eliza's answers.
John also, described how he used
the channels and streams to run the talker and provided a dissertation on what channels and streams are, how to ۵ه !
them, and how best to make use of them.
Nazir also passed around one of Cedric's "TI'd" keyboards.
standing series "Keyboard Mania" concludes in th, is issue.
NEXT MEETING - Sunday September láth, 1986 at 2:00PM - Huntington Public Library.
NEWS
FLASH--
1 Timex has reached a £50m
agreement with an unnamed
Polish industrial firm — via its
- European agent Takis
> Patrikarakos of Micro Interface
— to supply 800,000 Timex 2068
machines and 200,000 FDO
3000 twin 3inzh floppy disc
drives to the ?olish
government. 99
L.I.S.T. Newsletter
PO Box 438
Centerport, New York 11721
The credibility of Amstrad's
eal with Sinclair has been
further erroded with news that,
far from having "worldwide
rights to the Spectrum" as
claimed by Amstrad in its
announcement to the Stock
Exchange on April 7, Portugal
and the eastern bloc countries
are excluded from the deal. 9
¢ Rights to the Spectrum in
these areas are held by Timex.
Timex has been manufacturing
its 2048 and 2068 Spectrum
derivitive micros in Portugal
since it established a shared
technology agreement with
Sinclair in 1983. 99
SUPER
SUMMER
MEGA
i»SUE
(Rights to the communist bloc
countries passed to Timex
_ shortly before the deal with
Amstrad, as part payment for
outstanding debts owed to
Timex by Sinclair for
manufacture of Spectrum
_micros and flat-screen TVs at
Timex's Dundee plant.
And now, oniy two months
after the rights passed to Timex
the firm has succeeded where
Sinclair demonstrably failed
and tied up the biggest ever
deal to supply micros to an Iron
Curtain country.
LIST
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ARCHIVING METHODS
Making archival copies of your commercial software should be a #1 priority with
al} TS computer users. It is simply too easy to accidentally damage a cassette
tape, and vendor support is virtually nil for many of the available programs.
There are a number of ways of making your legal backup (or "archival") copy.
They can be classified into 5 general groups:
1) Structuring
2) Software "breakers"
3) Hardware "snapshot" systems
4) Cloning or reproducing
5) Direct Duplicating
"Structuring" is a general term we've used to describe an analysis of program
structure which results in an understanding of the program sufficient to allow it
to be copied. The Hacker Sacker or Codebusters series of articles in L.I.S.T.
deal with such methods fairly completely. For those who haven't read these, a
few examples of different "structuring" techniques will be given.
The first step in analysing program structure is to look at the program parts, one
at a time. This can be done by ‘loading’ the program under a dummy name. The program
won't load, but you'll see the names and types of the various parts. Often all
that is required is to Merge the first part of the program, then LOAD the rest
and save ach part back out to a new tape. Little tricks like using the wrong
ink color, embedding false PAPER or INK codes in program lines, POKEing false
line #'s or variable values, must each be analyzed and detected.
Often a header reader program is required. This program will tell you not only
the names of the various program parts, but their length and location in memory.
Once this is known, you can LOAD in the program parts (particularly the CODE),one
at a time and then SAVE them back to tape. Finally, there is dissassembly. Here
the program parts are loaded in as CODE (perhaps using a simple false header) and
analyzed for assembly language meaning, byte-by-byte. This is often required with
"turbo" loading programs, as the special "loading" code is hidden in the first part
of the program.
Software "breakers" include the LERM suite of programs, 007 SPY, Trans-Express,
Clone and RARARI copycat. These programs LOAD into your computer and then instruct
you to play the tape to be broken. Some, like LERM, come with comprehensive man ual
which explains methods of copy protection, structural analysis and breaking tech-
niques for specific program types. Once a program is analysed by LERM, it is loaded
into the computer , in parts, and then saved out to your blank tape as a "broken"
program. Others, for example Trans-Express, have automatic LOAD-in and SAVE-out
routines. This requires less thinking and work on the users part, but limits the
range of programs which can be easily broken. 007 SPY is available for the 2068
as well as Spectrum, but most should work on 2068 programs if run on a "Spectrum".
One common technique involves trying Trans-express (quick and easy) and, if that
fails, then break out the LERM. Software breakers have limited effectiveness
against "turbo" or "hyper" loading programs, though most include a "code finder"
or monitor segnent to help you find the offending tape reading-code. (Turbo loaders
are programs which contain their own loading method and do not use the computers
ROM routines).
. 1 ve
-
Interface III, Ñicrodriverg, Spec-mate and Multiface-one are hardware sytems for
"stopping the unstoppable" program. They work by interrupting the program, after it
has loaded into the computer, and saving the running program to tape. They work
well with almost all software (except some interrupt driven ones, like Avalon) and
are particularly useful in defeating elaborate "logon and password" type protection
schemes (like the color code charts for JSW). The units consist of "black boxes"
which plug onto the Spectrum expansion bus. Typically, all a user must do is LOAD
in the master program, press a red button on the box to freeze tle original program,
press a key and start his tape recorder. In a few minutes he has an exact, working
copy of the desired program. Similar features are now supplied with the Zebra, Oliger
and some other disk systems.
A fourth, and rather unique, method is to "reproduce" the original cassette using
your computer and two tape recorders. In this case, a very high speed "sampling"
program is loaded into the Sprectrum or 2068 and RUN. The tape to be copied is
played into the ear socket and passed trough the computer's input circuits. It is
massaged by the program and sent right back out the MIC port to a waiting second tape
recorder. The program is never actually loaded into the computer, This means that
even turboloaders can be reproduced,since the cloning technique is independent of
the LOAD software in ROM. A program of this type will be included on LIST Lib-
rary tape 6.X.
Finally, there is "old reliable" hardware duplicating. This is the classic
"tape-to-tape" copy. Given a good master and good equipment, almost any tape can
be copied in this way. The most sophisticated use of this method is to use com-
mercial high-speed dubbing services (typically > $10 per copy). Next are the many
double-cassette decks now available from Sears, Sanyo and others. These generally
cost under $100 and can be used as part of ones stereo system, as well.
Lower down the spectrum, but still reasonably reliable, is the "Winky Board" type
of tape filter and duplicator or the active boards which use an operational amplifier
to condition the signal. (Plans for some of these have appeared in LIST).
At the bottom rung, for about $3, you can buy a simple attenuator patch cord from
Radio Shack (50Db) which will match the output [8,5V(P-to-P)] of one recorder to
the input )500 ما SMV) of another, and make reasonable tape-to-tape copies." You
must have good recorders, with aligned heads and sufficient frequency response.
This method often fails with turboloaders because either the level is too low, or
the frequency too high. They are designed to be difficult to copy and it is often
difficult to load the original.
Each method has its advantages and weaknesses. The wise choice seems to be to be
equipped to attack problem tapes with more than one system. One of the most real-
iable, for example, is the use of the Hardware Breakers. However, certain software
(only Avalon and Rasputin, to my knowledge) cannot be broken with some of these. A
simple answer, which does work, is to make a tape-to-tape copy using an attenuator.
It is absolutely impossible to make a secure TS tape. There. must be a BASIC portion
of the program, even if it is hidden as CODE. This being the case, those of you who
are highly proficient in Z80 machine language, should be able to analyze and break
any program. The problem here, of course, is the lack of knowlege or time. Some
programs have such obtuse code that even an expert can require weeks to fully decrypt.
Still, some programs which resist direct copying may yield easily to a simple dis-
assembler. Code busting, in this way, is good training in the use of machine code.
Hot Z is highly recommended, though even a BASIC disassembler will work on most programs.
* In fact, this month (July), you can buy the ** And 'Way of the Tiger'.
40Db attanenator $274-300 at Radio Shack, for :
$.99. Use a niai to RCA plug cable. . 0
Some Rules of Archiving then are:
1) Always make and use a copy, not the original.
2) Make 2 copies - each by a different method.
3) Store the original in a safe, magnetically neutral, or
shielded area.
4) Try to make one of your copies an improved version
(e.g., for games add some POKES to make it easier for
youngsters.)
5) Put at least one of your copies on a "group" backup tape.
Say a C60, along with others. This saves tape.
6) Make sure the write protect tabs are broken off on the
original and the copies. (Tape can be used to temporarily
reactivate this feature)
7) Keep your heads clean.
8) Keep magnets (Kitchen magnets, speakers, motors, other
appliances) away from your tape.
9) Use only good quality tapes. I use Sony CHF60's ($.68 at
F.C. Richards), but any name brand, normal bias, low noise,
tape will do.
10) Test your copies, preferably on several tape players, to
make sure they load reliably.
11) Don't mess up your head alignment, just for one tape. Buy
a second cheap recorder and play with alignment on that
one. Changing head alignment is easy. Getting it back
where it started from is not.
12) Experiment. Try different techniques, both hardware and
software. Try two pieces of hardware at the same time.
13) Read and study. Go to the local library and take out books
on computers (001.6X) and electronics (638.XX) and study
tape drive, circuits, techniques, audio principles, etc.
No study on backups would be complete if we didn't mention bad tapes. Occasionally,
you will receive a tape which is so poorly recorded that it either won't load or
loads only occasionally. For these, you must either send it back immediately, or
try to improve the quality of the signal reaching your computer.
One of the simplest, and least expensive, ways to do this is to purchase Radio
Shacks $12 portable audio amplifier. Many readers have told us that this is often
just the ticket for increasing the gain enough to assure loading. Winky ` boards
and Op Amp circuits are often helpful, as well, and of course, the family stereo
(particularily if one channel is weak) is often put to good use here.
AED
LONG ISLAND ٩
SINCLAIR TIME? GFOUJF
@Copyright 1986 - P. Donnelly
T} : i gl چو
These even work on my high spe-
ADAM digital data drive, after minor modifications.
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1111333X1241114313144133311114114134 SSS 28 2 000 256225555959 OSESEE CESSES SOS kka
KEYBOARD MANIA — Fart ó
zi 6220555029 265525905039 08 6239009 222 229259 22095999925 2905925229 2299292992995 05059058 8
B; Cedric R. Bastiaans© Page A
۰
X 1. MODIFYING THE SE-JIN TI KEYBOARD
X1I.1 PREAMBLE
Before I start with the instructions for modification of the TI-99/4A keyboard, as
made by SE-JIN in Korea, I would like to state that, in order to preserve space in
this News Letter, I can not and will not repeat any and all observations, previously
made for the KB made by ALPS in Japan, əs they may relate to the SE-JIN KR.
YOU SHOULD THEREFORE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS IN CONJUNCTION WITH FARTS 3 AND
4, as well as Note 1 of Part 5!
XII.2 CUTTING THE TRACES
Make the following 29 cuts. Be VERY CAREFUL; this PCB has very poor keyswitch
identification. There are no numbers to refer to, only abbreviated keytop references
and these are not consistently placed. Sometimes they are betwee: a contact-pair (as
they indeed should be), other times you'll find them either to che left or to the
right of such a pair. It is VERY EASY TO MAKE MISTAKES! Check ard double check, before
you make a cut. I found myself constantly checking the wanted spot by counting each
contact-pair either from the extreme left or the extreme right.
"LEFT" and "RIGHT" refer to the location of solderpads of a given pair of keyswitch
contacts.
On Switch "z", cut ALL 3 traces.
On Switch "/", cut LOWER trace to LEFT pad and the trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "ENT", cut trace to the RIGHT pad.
Dn Switch ";", cut ALL 3 traces, but cut the one to the RIGHT pad very close to
it, so that the dog-legged trace from the LEFT pad of adjacent Switch "L"
remains in tact!
On Switch "FCTN", cut the trace between LEFT pad and switch "SH" above it.
On Switch ">", cut BOTH traces to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "<", cut BOTH traces to the LEFT pad.
On Switch "M", cut the trace to the KIGHT pad.
On Switch "N", cut BOTH traces to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "SP", cut the trace co the FIGHT pad.
On Switch "B", cut trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "V", cut the trace to the LEFT pad.
On Switch "C", cut the trace leading away to the right from the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "X", cut trace leading away to the right from the LEFT pad.
On Switch "Z", cut UPPER trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "CTL", cut the trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "AL", cut ALL 3 traces.
On Switch "SH" on the RIGHT SIDE of the FCR (directly above the "AL"switch), cut
the trace to the LEFT pad and the UFPER trace to the RIGHT pad.
511.3 PUTTING IN THE JUMPERS
In the following, we will also assume that the Alpha Lock key will become a dedicated
"*"-key. All other available extra keys are for the same dedicated functions as
described for the ALPS KB, i.e. "," P." "3" "ri and "DELETE".
Furthermore, we will sometimes use the solderpads of the straps, which are on t^e
other (not visible) side of the PCB. These straps run, with a few exceptions,
horizontally and are used to bridge one or more traces.
First, install a i-pin terminal in the aree below keyswitch "=".
And another one in the area beiow Leyswitch "X", immediately above tha SE-:
logo.
Jumper from FISH A" ts tre LE. T "EH" on the ضوع عع يرم right of the FCE.
Some Rules of Archiving then are:
1) Always make and use a copy, not the original.
2) Make 2 copies - each by a different method.
3) Store the original in a sefe, magnetically neutral, or
shielded area.
4) Try to make one of your copies an improved version
(e.g., for games add some POKES to make it easier for
youngsters.)
5) Put at least one of your copies on a "group" backup tape.
Say a C60, along with others. This saves tape.
6) Make sure the write protect tabs are broken off on the
original and the copies. (Tape can be used to temporarily
reactivate this feature)
7) Keep your heads clean.
8) Keep magnets (Kitchen magnets, speakers, motors, other
appliances) away from your tape.
9) Use only good quality tapes. I use Sony CHF60's ($.68 at
P.C. Richards), but any name brand, normal bias, low noise,
tape will do.
10) Test your copies, preferably on several tape players, to
make sure they load reliably.
11) Don't mess up your head alignment, just for one tape. Buy
a second cheap recorder and play with alignment on that
one. Changing head alignment is easy. Getting it back
where it started from is not.
12) Experiment. Try different techniques, both hardware and
software. Try two pieces of hardware at the same time.
13) Read and study. Go to the local library and take out books
on computers (001.6X) and electronics (638.XX) and study
tape drive, circuits, techniques, audio principles, etc.
No study on backups would be complete if we didn't mention bad tapes. Occasionally,
you will receive a tape which is so poorly recorded that it either won't load or
loads only occasionally. For these, you must either send it back immediately, or
try to improve the quality of the signal reaching your computer.
One of the simplest, and least expensive, ways to do this is to purchase Radio
Shacks $12 portable audio amplifier. Many readers have told us that this is often
just the ticket for increasing the gain enough to assure loading. Winky boards
and Op Amp circuits are often helpful, as well, and of course, the family stereo
(particularily if one channel is weak) is often put to good use here.
@Copyright 1986 - P. Donnelly
LONG ISLAND
SINCLAIR TIMEX GROUP
* yem ww, 5 $ :
These even work on my high speed ADAM digital data drive, after minor
0 £
modifications.
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PSCC OCC 3241 ...:383431324311111434 3 ESE SSCS SS 52S 6 OSS ESSE SSS SSCS SETS SSS SSCP SSS 3300335408 ړوم
FE YE Cé: =D MANIA — Fart ث6
$00 9000 06 SOS 0 05990000505355500052 744774444447: 1 41+
By Cedric R. Bastiaans© Page A
X 1. MODIFYING THE SE-JIN TI KEYBOARD
XII.1 PREAMBLE
Before I start with the instructions for modification of the TI-99/4A keyboard, as
made by SE-JIN in Korea, I would like to state that, in order to preserve space in
this News Letter, I can not and will not repeat any and all observations, previously
made for the KB made by ALPS in Japan, ss they may relate to the SE-JIN KB.
YOU SHOULD THEREFORE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS IN CONJUNCTION WITH PARTS 3 AND
4, as well as Note 1 of Part 5!
XII.2 CUTTING THE TRACES
Make the following 29 cuts. Be ۷88۸۷ CSSEFUL; this PCB has very poor keyswitch
identification. There are no numbers to refer to, only abbreviated keytop references
and these are not consistently placed. Sometimes they are betwee: a contact-pair (as
they indeed should be), other times you'll find them either to che left or to the
right of such a pair. It is VERY EASY TO MAKE MISTAKES! Check ard double check, before
you make a cut. I found myself constantly checking the wanted spot by counting each
contact-pair either from the extreme left or the extreme right.
"LEFT" and "RIGHT" refer to the location of solderpads of a given pair of keyswitch
contacts.
On Switch "=", cut ALL 3 traces.
On Switch "/", cut LOWER trace to LEFT pad and the trace to the RIGHT pad.
Qn Switch "ENT", cut trace to the SIGHT pad.
On Switch ";", cut ALL 3 traces, but cut the one to the RIGHT pad very close to
it, so that the dog-legged trace from the LEFT pad of adjacent Switch "L"
remains in tact!
On Switch "FCTN", cut the trace between LEFT pad and switch "SH" above it.
On Switch ">", cut BOTH traces to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "<", cut BOTH traces to the LEFT pad.
On Switch "M", cut the trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "N", cut BOTH traces to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "SP", cut the trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "B", cut trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "V", cut the trace to the LEFT pad.
On Switch "C", cut the trac? leading away to the right from the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "X", cut trace leading away to the right from the LEFT pad.
On Switch "Z", cut UPPER trace to the RIGHT pad.
On Switch "CTL", cut the trace to tne RIGHT pad.
On Switch "AL", cut ALL 3 traces.
Dn Switch "SH" on the RIGHT SIDE of the FCE (directly above the "AL"switch), cut
the trace to the LEFT pad and the UFFER trace to the RIGHT pad.
511.3 PUTTING IN THE JUMPERS
In the following, we will also assume that the Alpha Lock key will become a dedicated
"$"-key. All other available extra keys are for the same dedicated functions as
described for the ALPS KB, i.e. "," "." ";" ":" and "DELETE".
Furthermore, we will sometimes use the solderpads of the straps, which are on. the
other (not visible) side of the PCB. These straps run, with a few exceptions,
horizontally and are used to bridge one or more traces.
First, install a i-pin terminal in the area below keyswitch "=".
And another one in the area beiow !eyswitch "X", immediately above the SE-:
logo.
Jumper from RIGHT "A" to tre LE. I "tg" on the erztreze right of the FOR.
Jumper from LEFT of this "SH" switch to RIGHT "SP". PAGE P
Jumper from RIGHT "SF" to the LEFT "SH" on the extreme left of the PCB.
Jumper from LEFT "ENT" to LEFT "P",
Jumper from RIGHT "z" to LEFT "O" (ZERO).
Jumper from RIGHT "/" to RIGHT "9",
Jumper from LEFT ";" to RIGHT "O" (OH).
Jumper from RIGHT "FCTN" to RIGHT "L",
Jumper from RIGHT "CTL" to RIGHT "Z".
Jumper from RIGHT "Z" to LEFT "S",
Jumper from LEFT "S" to the strap (righthand pad), located directly below switch
"7", The pad connects to pin 13T of the connector.
Jumper from LEFT "X" to RIGHT "D". I
Jumper from RIGHT "E" to LEFT "I",
Jumper from LEFT "K" to RIGHT "M".
Jumper from RIGHT "C" to LEFT "F".
Jumper from RIGHT "N" to RIGHT "J".
Jumper from pin ST of the connector to pin' 12T.
Jumper from RIGHT "B" to LEFT "SF".
Jumper from LEFT "SP" to LEFT "N".
Jumper from RIGHT "ENT" to LEFT "L".
Jumper the 1-pin terminal below switch "=" to the RIGHT "SH" on the left side of
the PCB.
Jumper from LEFT "Z" to RIGHT "SH" on the extreme right of the PCE.
Jumper from LEFT "V" to LEFT "G",
Jumper from LEFT "V" to the remaining i-pin terminal near the SE-JIN logo.
Jumper from RIGHT "Y" to LEFT "T",
Jumper from LEFT "CTL" to LEFT "AL".
There should be a total of 26 jumpers.
XII.4 DEDICATED KEY FUNCTIONS
Especially with this Korean PCB, it will be imperative that you mount the diodes flush
against the board. There will not be much space left between it and the computer
case. BACK EDGE OF PCB
PERIOD key, switch ">".
d
Connect two diodes, banded sides towards RIGHT O of x SE SE
">", from RIGHT "L" and from LEFT "K",
COMMA key, switch "<", 1-PIN TERMINAL
Connect two diodes, banded sides towards LEFT سا 1
"<", from RIGHT "FCTN" and from RIGHT "J", \ (FIGURE 20
COLON key, switch "/".
Connect two diodes, unbanded sides towards
LEFT "/", from the 1-pin terminal below
switch "=" and from the strap (lefthand pad)
directly below keyswitch "3".
SEMICOLON key, switch ";".
Connect two diodes, unbanded sides towards
RIGHT ";",from the strap directly below it
(righthand pad) and from RIGHT "P",
DELETE key, switch "z".
Connect two diodes, unbanded sides towards
LEFT "=", from RIGHT "O" (ZERO) and from
the i-pin terminal in this area.
ASTERISK key, switch "AL".
Connect two diodes, banded sides towards RIGHT 6 LEFT "V"
"AL", from RIGHT "CTL" and from the 1-pin ter-
final in this area.
\
in
2
BOTTOM RIHGHT
FIGURE 24 FRONT EDGE
PAGE C i
in case you need to use the "AL" key for'a dedicated
"e"-function instead, the modifications are:
TO LEFT "4"
Jumper the i-pin terminal in the "AL" area to
LEFT "i" (instead of to LEFT "V". Connect the
diodes, unbanded sides towards RIGHT "AL",
from LEFT "CTL" and from this i-pin terminal.
Having done this, take a straightedge, lay this diagonally across the PCB, on top ot
the metal flanges and check for any components that may be not be flush enough against
the board.
Figure 20 shows the diode connections for the five "standard" dedicated functions.
Figure 21 is for the "X", Figure 22 for the "8" connections.
X11.5 MODIFICATIDN OF THE COMPUTER CASE
Figure 23 shows the topview of the computer case with the FOUR cuts necessary. Cuts #2
and 43 are identical to the ones in Figure 14 of Part 4. Cut 81 is a little larger,
but it is cut #4 that makes the difference.
I recommend that you try to make this cut with a Dremel tool or a milling machine. It
definitely would preserve the mechanical integrity of the computer case.
It IS, however, possible to again use a jewelers or a coping saw; I have done it both
ways and the end result can be just as professional looking.
Follow the outline of cut #4 if you elect to use a saw. I£ you use a Dremel
tool/milling machine, limit the frontal cut to about 3/16 of an inch, as shown in the
inset of the illustration. This prevents the cut from “opening up" completely. All
other cuts are all the way to the bottom of the KB recess.
CUT #2
LL SOS ORR
| | Sese wo | [ Sgusrse 7
| (SEE TEXT | |
) i
: | | [|
| | CUT#1 | I |
Nu 4 | | |
QUU AS
| Ern
OUTLINE OF
KB RECESS
OUTLINE OF
OVERLAY
X-SECTION
M LL 02222222990889
© C.R .BASTIAANS
This concludes the instructions for modifying the Korean-made SE-JIN keyboard for the
TI-99/4A.
There is at least one more version of the surplus KB available. It does not bear the
"made in Japan" or "made in Korea" indications. In other words, it is made in the USA.
Unfortunately, it carries the SAME number 1029019-1 as the ALPS KB, but it does NOT
Nave a recessed PCB and its traces are totally different from either the ALPS or the
SE-JIN boards!
it's been more than 3 months since I wrote Texas Instruments for a disclosure of the
keyboard versions that the TI-99/46 might have had; they have ignored my letter.
Î have no intention to investigate the third version (are there more?7); I don't have
-he money, nor the time or the stamina. But if you set yourself to it, Figures 9 and
10 in Part د really contain all the information you need to solve your own trace anc
umper puzzle. After you have done so, you may be able to better appreciate all th
ork that I have put in this article series! ©) R. "SR
م1٢ )ولګ TTT TTT TTT TT TTT et esse:
KEYBOARD MANIA — Fart 7
XXXXXIXXXEXXEXEXXXXEXXEiiEXiXxXxkEikxXxXxXxXXxxxxxxxxxkxrxxxxxxxixxixixiiirririiiikiriiriikiiriiXxxxiriixi
By Cecric R. Bastiaans © Page D
KPII. ñ POTPOURRI OF ITEMS OF INTEREST
XIII.1 YET ANOTHER SURPLUS TI KEYBOARD
At the time that I’m writing this (end of May "Béi, Radio Shack has yet another
special purchase item (Cat. No. 277-1023), again a surplus TI keyboard.
This is reported to be a keyboard for the TI 99/4 (without the addition ñ).
Even though it has the same matrix (Fig.9 cf Part 3) as the other TI KB's, and it will
fit inside the 2068 case, whether it has the cutouts of Figure 14 or 23, it would not
be feasible to modify for use with our 8727
The reason: it is a membrane type keyboard' ñ real pity, since this item only costs
$5,958.75
You couldn't even consider this keyboard for spare parts; keyswitches and keytops are
different from those of any of the three keyboard versions I know of.
Maybe some day, someone can come up with the proper translation circuitry to transform
the TI-99/4A matrix to the TS2068 matrix and put it on an EPROM. However, we may run
into a problem with certain simultaneous key-stroke commands, such as the the
combination G and H keys to restart "Horace Goes Ski-ing".
XIII.2 THE BALSAWOOD MASK
Another item, which appears to puzzle some of you, is the mask, which covers up the
ugly holes around the TI KB you have put in.
Figure 24 shows an exploded view of the 1! components. Dimensions are given in
MILLIMETRES (mm), but these are ONLY MEANT AS ñ GUIDE. Before cutting each part, check
the sizes you actually need for your particular KE. There are some dimensional
differences between KB's!
The modified keyboard should be in place.
Cut the 1/8 inch balsawood ONLY with a #11 Xacto blade. Don’t use any type of saw!
Use a fast-cure two-component Epoxy adhesive to stick the wood parts to the metal
mounting brackets.
Use Elmer's Professional Carpenter's Wood Glue to glue wood to wood.
USE WAX PAPER BETWEEN THE MASK AND THE COMPUTER CASE, to prevent it from sticking
REUS | sb
Q سے
2= 200 x 10x 20 fg USE 1/8 INCH BALSAWOOD THROUGHOUT
34-102 x 10 وي سور سوه uii DIMENSIONS IN aa,
b
peto 0= ووو" 7 Mi esas
= H
7-85 96 x 11 176 dong 4
9
0 e
11= 96 long; " š A
PAGE E
2111.5 MULTI-PIN HEADER STRIPS 1
It seems that some people have a
problem locating these and it might
help if they knew what these
components look like. Well, here is a
picture of a 7-pin header strip.
XIII.4 THE TI KEYBOARD "MAKE-DVER"
Figure 25 on the left shows a
full-size photograph of a completed
keyboard with all of the printed
keytops as discussed in section ۹3
of Part 5.
Compare these with the original
keyboard of your TS2068 and see if it
doesn't. make a lot moe sense. I
suggest that you read sections XI.1.1
through XI.1.5 again so as to fully
understand my philosophy.
Another tip: in order to make for
surprisingly durable keytops, using
the printed labels, it is important
that you use a good brand clear spray,
applied in many layers. I have had
good luck with Red Devil High Gloss
Clear Lacquer. It is an extra fast
drying spray and has an adjustable
nozzle. Adjust it for a HORIZONTAL
spray pattern.
Never spray the keytops while they are
in place. Remove them, make sure that
the labels have been properly
burnished and align the keys on a
piece of sturdy corrugated cardboard
in Š rows, leaving about one keytop
width all around each key.
USE DOUBLE-ADHESIVE TAPE to prevent
the keys from shifting about.
Spray in a dustfree environment and
spray in slightly overlapping vertical
movements. *
Turn the cardboard substrate 90
degrees and spray again. Repeat this
two more times and allow to dry for
several hours. Repeat the entire
Process one more time. When you're all
done, the top surface of each key has
had 8 coats and each vertical surface
has had 2. Right?
This concludes my Keyboard Mania
series. I hope that it gave you the
impetus to try your hand on a
worthwhile hardware project! I would
appreciate hearing from you. Good
luck! - QC. R Bastiaans iò
Desr Cearic, 4-30-86 AS
هم Have enjoyed YOU article Keyboard Mania ¬ especiallu part 3. In Q
AN Fact I
+
jet received my TI keyboard. Amd in rewienire your
imetructians I Find some probleme.
Ò My keyboard is#1G29919-1, but doze not have a “recessed” PCE nor %
enu mention oF s دو ووس د هود Further. I Pind the section on 3
0 IF I hold The keubd we d
< : I run iro zone problems. Sw. 45 better هص jumpered or ۱١
loze other kei. Xu, 11 haz Z zolder pads and 2 lines in and $e Á
SUT. which “bottom Trace” Iert, right or both? “Upper Trace" n.
on both 2i3 — do You MEAN both Traces?
So سوب
Sa XT has made — 2 zide بط tide and د 3rd معت To the side, é د
Whoch ped oc The Top fade Sw. ZZ ditto. fw. 42 only has one 9
Trace coming of F The bottom pad “ascuming The kelbd is or ienred we
COPrectTitys. Maw can one cut one Trace on both sides? su. 43 اک
Only haz one bottom trace and it ig The major one! l ó ¿
xu. GE'S unper Mad iz linked TO Sw. Z3. Makes me Think I have
The Keubd oriented wrona. But if I rotate it Then The ribbon
cable iz on The bottom, mort The Top.
Almost ali The OTher switches have simila problem. Further,
your drawing oF The TI matrix has The Alpha Lock on Top - my
Keubd has iT on The bottom.
I'!! mor cut untit
TF3T you need TO C
ESPECIALLY iF Ther
There. Looking 3
amt article. eti. L.L.
I QE a aF Part د 1 have clearly identified TWO Texas Instrusents TI-99/4A Keyboards, both of torergn ده US law
requires that all iaported goods be properly identified as to the country of manufacture,
Therefore, if your TI keyboard does not have any such indication, it simply aeans that it was made here in the USA.
It is very unfortunate that your keyboard shows the same 1039019-1 number as the ALPS-sade KB, which has - contrary to your
KB - a recessed PCB.
More than 2 1/2 aonths ago, I wrote to Texas Instruaents for clarification on all versions of their T1-99/44 keyboard, 80
though I had no intention of trying to acdi‘y ALL of such versions for inclusion in the TS 2048 computer case. After all,
who has the tiae or the soney for such a sassoth project. I just wanted the inforsation so that I could advise people with
questions, just like you. TI has elected nct to answer ay letter.
Anyway, it should be clear that the trace cutting instructions given in page C of Part 3 do not apply to your particular KB.
I clearly indicated in line 11 of page A, Part 3, that the procedures to be described were only for the KB in question, the
ALPS KB, aade in Japan, with a recessed PCB,
No wonder then, that you could not sake head nor tail of ay trace cutting instructions. Once again, they don't apply! And I
can certainly not coaaent on the descriptions with the illustrations that you gave in your letter. All I can say is, that
they have also no relation to the SE-JIN KB (made in Korea), full instructions of which will follow at a later date’.
As to your remark about the aatrix drawing showing the Alpha Lock on the top. The aatrix is a SCHEMATIC depiction of wiring,
printed circuit or point-to-point. It is drawn for maximum CLARITY and in most cases has little to do with the physical
layout of the components. Look at the keys in the aatrix, marked /,=,;,EN,SP,FN,CT and SH. These too are not depicted
according to their physical layout; and you can maybe imagine yourself how confusing the satrix would have become, if indeed
they had been!
Concluding, there is nothing for me to add to the already VERY CLEAR instructions in my Keyboard Mania series. They just
don’t apply to your keyboard. T'a sorry.
All I can do, is point out to you that with the help of Figures 9 and 10 on Page B of Part 3, you should really be able to
find out which traces to cut and where to put juapers. Figure 9 shows you the situation on your KB, whereas Figure 10 shows
you what it should become. Since you appear to have some aisconceptions about matrices, maybe I should teli you that if on
Figure 9, I have indicated that key Z is connected to key A, that it need not in actuality be so connected: Depending on how
the traces on the KB are laid out, key 1 aay be connected to key 8, or key 1, or key 0, or key P, or key ; or key / or it
ar indeed be connected to key ñ! What REALLY matters is that all of these keys are on one side of their contacts,
ULTIMATELY CONNECTED to pin 8T of the 15-pin ribbon connector!
A final word: you don't have to worry about the 29 keys depicted in thin blocks in Figure 10; these are =!ready properly
Connected, However, scaetises one ar scra af these keys get inadvertantly disconnected from their addre-: عد «ED Lines,
because of the trace cuts necessary for the aatrix modifications of the other keys! A jumper to the appr. ciate point(s)
will correct such situations.
Thank you for your interest in ay article series and I hope that you will persist and eventually solve the +` rix puzzle and
build the TI KB into your 2088. It is really worth the trouble... — -Cedric-
cet The NEXT iezüUe oF LIST, bur I think
riFu your پا ووه هد ووک دول s bif more -
are more Than one kind OF Keyboard out
ard TO your repiu = or mention oF iT in the
I
E
E
orig
é 4
cutTinaQ cornruzina,. سو 8 ©
°
The ribbon cable on Top “i.e, Facing 4»«i«e- Q
Ld
ong Island
*
3130 BRYANT LANE
MARIETTA
GA 382856
5/13/86
" + ۰ SUMMER
M E G £ ere € users of the ke =
stor 315 nterface out ther x
iss UE "oid be terested in your €: `
eriences with it since * z
Rave not been entire ly satisfà: -
tery. I purchased the kemps-.-
0 ihterface and 5.28 inch disc -
EL direct From Kempston *
October. The major problem :
been that I find it very diff -
industria! Designers / Visual Marketing elt 10 36? a 360d prcjrasm B
SUPE O Yr ik) to disc. Usually the disc ci...
N corrupted. Pparantiu th š
ORGE GILDER ASSOCIATES, INC. CAE ane t ide id
108th Street Forest Hills. New York 11375 - 212 544-1 On tO Hany *empston usere
ave Spoken ta ane Kempsto"
whO SEES to have had suci-
wit 3.5 inch discs, I see
d € ston are now seitin 3
”زع interface ant یا with 3.5
3 es, I v€ had no re 526 -
Paul Donnelly ze fr Fempston to my letter
E I have beer ih touch with a 3i-
LIST nciaif users group in South AF -
P.O.Box 8 23د whO have been successu in
1-0438 Setting a respcnse and at the
سو NE UMEN š sent I لت waiting to find ay:
what they learnt From Kempston,
Dear Paul,
I have enclosed two copies of a START program that aay
be of interest to your readers, Another م = teed bees
+ ` ` H _ 1 P `
ther in "fat" Concerns the TESCO SS Persona
One copy is in regular 2040 atyle and the othe Muiti Printer. Does anyone knox
P. ' PA oe 9
The enclosed article is self explainitory. فم doti 361+ IE Ev
2347134 . i in SP
need of some spares. ALSO
Sinc ول the TESCO SS "as a rear s
for a Centronics Parattet i
face adaptor, can anyone
with this ites?
Back to Kempston.
disc works You wit
George Gilder ace III exceiient o
ng tape software toO d t a
Cor VEN ra Ba a tape COPY via terfa
GOLDEN VENDOR AWARD IT then use the Kempston cos
d to tranfer the Lape
Goes to B&B Micro PO Box 280298, Dallas, Tx. 75228. to disc. Finat وا change
They sell semiconductors{e.g., 4164-(64K dynamic RAM) ntax of the ad de Li
forf.951 My order for 27 was shipped and received in diebus By interfac ts
less than 7 days. When the chips wouldn't work I called sii
B&G. They said oo problem and promptly shipped 27 more SE : =
a - : Ex 5 1 w^ utur 5 T
9f another brand. That way if both sets didn't work in Diets. hace aod OPE. ps 3i >
my machine I'd only have to make one mailing to get my has 08 3: to Bastrad^ The OL
money back. Thank you B&G for doing business the right 1$ Cw des nd the Srectrue 123
way. (It cost me .39 to mail back the non-working chips) HO SE Spel end or teg Softw-
are t f our ۳52058 ع with
QD "OMzsü:iche Euviators.
2 Please tei I’m Being too pe-
Ssemistic.
New end used Sinciatr GL items If anyone can help mE Please
write Or caii 484-555-3379 ورت +
cesT -353-5 0]
Sinclair QL computer british model one with US power supply oig ss 484-353 >o. Si.
the other with an English جوسهم supplyir qut en STEP £ £z
converter! 15 ROMilatest versiani + version cix مه up بت دو ات
Tony fo
PCML Disk intertace with tsotiit in POM è RAM disk software
"e disk drive is team
STEP up converter! $255.20 Dear Paul,
Memory pack Sits.ae
ten د 75.28 I purchased a Sinclair ZX-81 in 1982 and a TS-2068 in
like: Ses ps iiie: 1984. They are fine computers, and I have enjoyed them
Miracle Systems UTD MODEM adapter with scftnare * 27.88 thoroughly. In 1985 I learned about your fine newsletter,
s 29.96 and I subscribed during that year.
* Le, 26
* 22.390 1 1
* 29.88 Unfortunately I am no longer able to use my Timex-
ORTE * 37.88 Sinclair materials. They are now sitting on my shelves
If anyone is interested zail suan at (718) 275-2169 anytime
Evervtning must Goris
Send money order ar check ta: Mr. Derrick Hall
Cail betore mailing payment,
361 autumn Avenue
BrcoLlyn, NY 11298
to sake sure item is in stock
Make Ppavmes* sut to name aocve. Check takes 3 working days to clear
ALL items will be ship by POST OFFICE (First Class mail insured)
1 m". OE
— dc wc ع بو »د / ۶م
AETS ^ ¿ A Ke
“MAY 27, 1986
(well protected, and not gathering dust!)
appreciate if you
iewsletter.
it
benefit from my inability to continue with the
I have 3 computers, a printer,
software, many books, and lots of
If any of your readers sends me a
a complete listing of what I have
Everything is one of a kind.
SASE,
Si el; :
132 HILLDALE ROAD ^ r^ Don
DOBBS FERRY, NEW YORK 10522 —
Arthur D. Brady
a tape recorder,
miscellaneous material.
I will send him/he-
at very reasonable prices.
I would
would publish this letter in your
I would like to sell my Timex-Sinclair
materials, perhaps some of your readers Will be able to
TS line.
tons
2
Ze
L.I.S.T. USERS GROUP 1 "o ESISSIT.
27 May 1986
PAUL DONNELY P.O. Box 438
8.0. BOX 8 Centerport, NY
CEMTERPORT, NY 11721 11721-0438
Dear Paul,
The HIDUESTCOM uas great! The best part for me uas to get to
meet you and other active people face to face. Uhat topics were
discussed! What marvelous products uere displayed. What great Dear Paul 1
bargains were offered, Mow if th&u Only didn't Close up the
lunch "ppo,
I
was left Off the invitation List by some accident, and mu health
was good enough to make ihe trip with some welcome help from my
SON (AMIGA USER). Then.. nowhere could I find a Single phone Num-
Since I wrote last (dec.) I have not received another, issue.
guess you didn't like my letter' I had also enclosed a check
Mu being there uas fortuitous for tuo reasons, The UIDJUP Co, for renewal.
When I wrote in Dec. I sent a diagram for a circuit that would
allow two 16k timex rampac's t3 be connected to a T/S 1000. There
bër to Call A telephone company supervisor rates a kiss for was a mistake in the drawing, the output from the 74LS138 should
giving Me à List! Of possible numbers lO call, I connected on have been taken from pin 11 not pin 13. I've worked out the
ihe second Call. decoding for the third rampac (48 to 64k space) the diagram is
enclosed. While using this board to troubleshoot a rampac that
Bu the afternoon of the second day, I'm afraid I was no Longer had been causing my machine to crash I ran into an interesting
bright and bushy tailed. In fact I might even Sau I was nol too problem. With the troublesome rampac mapped above ramtop I ran a
Sure Of what I was doing. I accidentally erased my THUOICE pro- program
gram. It Was then that my son broke out all the tabs from all
the other masters on hand. Good show!
locations. The errors were always off by 2 which pointed to the
A 5 Le D1 ram chip. I replaced the chip and solved the problem, however
Wa did. aan the EUN ULL ee E MAS RUE Dom QUAL the on close examination of the chip I could see the raised letters of
attendees. Never, since the Lunar Landings, nave to litid another number 4116-7N this is a much slower ram chip then the
SUCh a blizzard of highly informed questions. It sas tike the 4116-4NS which are standard in the rampacs. I wonder how many . of
“old days". those slipped past Timex (4116-4NS was stamped on the chip in
I imagine I uas a surprise to some--kids don i con ccooputers! white ink but with the light just right the other number was
5 I date back to a Primitive ere. We refrigerated à twe story visible).
(i vilding fu o '& and called across the room using I I've also built a centronic's input port uhich allous me to
idees cR eost E vi eT EE | transfer data into my T/S from my Apple printer port. I can now
and paichboards. x ee ood ' write programs with ASM and use my T/S to place them on EPROM. I
which poked in random numbers then peeked and compared.,
The program kept indicating errors but never with the same memory
also use an extra T/S (and three rampacs) as a 64k printer buffer.
I have a feu replacment ROMs left (printer routines reuritten
Popular "use" of computers has falten back in numbers. Some
Say the computer fad is over. I would say that it is high time for Byte Backs cen-ronic printer I/F) for $15.08 each.
that Manufacturers begin to respect the intelligence of the not- Thanks for Sporting us remotely located T/S hacker's and
S$0-COM»On Man, and gel down to providing more than Short-Lived Please send my mi-sing issues.
games and entertainment. Canned programs have their place, but
where would BASIC be if everybody paid attention to limits?
I know many people who despise it as a “beginner's” Language.
Generally it is those same people who demand it done their way.
BASIC will change as a living Language should. Let's not tru
to Change the name--because Language is truly BASIC. Try doing
without it.
I don't mean for you to drive nails with a dictionary. Where
else Can you find 50 many tools in such a small bor?
Where did I put that INVOICE progran?
ana Uilliam دل 76
Great meeting you too! The people we discussed,
whom you should talk to are:
Tom Woods (PRO/FILE MARKETING
PO Box 64 & CONTACTS)
Jefferson, N.H. 03583
(603) 586-7734
Tom Bent (ML PROGRAMMING &
X Tom Woods HARDWARE) (TOM BENT
Or Capital Users IS FROM MD/VA AREA)
PO Box 725 LONG ISLAND
Biadensburg, Md 20710 SINCLAIR TIMEX GROUP
y Kingsley (Hot Z)
Tom Woods
John Oliger (Hardware) 8 ٢ id
11601 Whidbef Drive To the member who
Cumberland, In 46229
Sorry, again,
Wes Brzozowski (Hardware & SW) price. Your subscription w
cash your 3rd party check.
1 Sincus
PO Box 513 LISTA
Ovego, N.Y. 13827
Try contacting these notables.
Paul D.
Dear Mr. Bastiaans;
I am a L.I.S.T. member and I write you Dow in regards tu
your keyboard modification articles for the و S 2068 computer.
More specifically, I refer to Keyboard Mania, part S, June 1986,
L.I.S.T.ing. On page 5, "XI The Keytops", ycu memtion that
there is no source of ready-made keytops like lule Fiectronics
adhesive backed vinyl ones. Well there is. Th y «re made bv
SAGA Systems Ltd. 2 Eve Road, Woking, Surrey, ENGLAND. GU214JT
and cost two pounds sterling (£2.00). Saga is a third party key
board add-on company for the ZX Spectrum computer. Thier
adhesive backed vinyl keytops are not as thick as the Mule one
from L.A., and they do have rather garish red and green colors
but they are as close as anything you’il find for the T/S 2068.
I must say I enjoy reading your articles. Every issue I say
to myself, "now there's a man who knows what 5 talking about
I wish I had the talent and skill for making keyboard mods to my
T/S 2068 as in figure 15. Gorgeous' You wouldn't consider
selling one wouid you ?
I would prefer you incorporate this information into your
articles rather than blantantly reproduce ny -OYLE aS is. SE
I would rather you NOT publish my name and dei initely NOT
publish my address. Thank you.
Sincerly Yours,
Sincerely yours
2
i
Don Dailey
48 Aspen
Great Fall,MT
59405
Don:
Ouch! Right you are! Your back issues Should
have already arrived. Mea Culpa. 8
Thanks for the Rampack and Centronics plans,
they're in this issue,
PD
wanted two Spectrum ROMs for $15.00.
hat
are simply not available for t
kd ill be extended if we can
The Long Island Sinclar Timex Group, ld
P.O. Box 8
Centerport, NY 11721
Dear Sire:
1 read a blurb in a magazine about your group
and would like some sore inforaetion about it. I
own a Timex Sinclar 1000 and سه interested in getting
sone further use cut of it and obtaining accessories
for it. So, would you please send details about the.
servioes you offer.
Thank-you
fe
Erian Walter
D
D
Brian walter
42 Kiine Pl.
vunellen, NJ
08812
- — This reticent member ev n
: nt along
sample for Cedric. fh: Pr! Sc
I'm Blatant, but as i! fore
T wet د ې
J
1
HD CHK illi rafi LY tipi req Eon LO k pt sles through port "8" as
rs muttip!exed "nibbles". It also receives control signals over
Wan eat gah = PEN : ٩ VN address tines 813 to 815. This is the existing suciem, Beuond
It wat said that the SCLD outputs tianalt through ID port H, that, YOU can build as Elegant a system as uou with. This lets
This if a Perfect Example of a half truth which can totaliu mis- YOU build suslems even more powerful than IEEE488 Bank switch-
direct an analysis oí the true circumstances. It is akin to the 159 is a tupical add-on, ١ ESS
tEXÍ bCOR diiruztiont about the SCLD wrestina conlrol from the A small system With th
CPU when in fact it yiktia it. to 12 069351185 Or menor q. E نا i SIMA
It i£ COrperate nature to try to maintain proprietaru control chunks Of 5192 bytes each. (Actually, it is unlimited when uou
ever follow-on cates of additional equipment, Orne exanple of defin& "SupPerbanks",) $4 1
this 38 the fact that FORD, GM, and almost all other V-B Engines ' . . : .
have identical f iring Orders--but just look al what their JPdi Contraru to published ee chunka has the highest ie
vidual lechnical manuals sau! Drilu to be bank Switched, {as in contention with DRAH, f
In the sane wau, DZIM and GZOUT are d&lib&ratelu misleading as not switched bul, ppEralions in chunk3 (and chunka) Will bE à
Labels, though د corporate executive might strongly argue that, Lot Slower., This has been discussed for the SPECTRUM, The re-
In the view that the TS2088 is the 8055, these labels could configured memoru assignment using chunk? for the stack and the
have some validity, but only for TIMEX products which were never Beene Ee ee could Gasily be considered anette ae M eer Ü
Rd 1 3 EL : E ank Switching routines were originallu written a
هم SEINE QUE CARE s Ae ED LITE dats GER St ANE ENÊ wai before barriers were installed, : |
Rani: SILER ha ea cet bier $6. S 3 A multi-user sustem could be implemented with each user owning
2 : P E? Their opp personal s عن ih chunk?.
Seina further, BASIC can be retocated out of contention space
PURE FICTION! with Parts of i! stored in "overtaus" from other banks, With
Proper Lechnique, You don't have anu need for FREE, BASIC ran
There might have been one, ONE santd be made lo those SPECI- USR cail the bank it needs,
fications and Prolocel, but it would be meeting corporate goals,
not your's, Pandora 5 box is open!
سر EEN Long live The 2068! (and clones)
ACK en the IEEE&8B8 bust, The direction depends on which device
is the current BUSS MASTER, In a WOE Gf cONPUTPIS the 3 A simple bank switching controller consists of BUSISO, demut-
Might be boss, Bol more DES at WOUid be in TERMINAL, Or me liplexing, enabling latches, and Little else, The BEU chips are
PEER Coup CONTROL mode. Ë the workhortet. They contain H5 and STATUS registers, address
Rs a SLAVE, it wovid never Akut ATN (DZQUT), but ^tiaandA to selectors, and issue SE to the SCLD. Whether uou want to use
il bii cómpletina current operations and releasing ACK. When alt daisy chaining; serial, or parallel polling is up to uou, Even
Slaves have released ACK, the BOSS that issued ATM takes over. a minimum parallel poll Sustem beats you kim who. (Rhymes, too)
Rctualiu it is more accurate te sau it is the bank switching There is now no stopping the independent development of great
controiler rather than the 2858 which provides these features, hardware! 1 made some statements recently about trying to adapt
but "bank switching controlier" is another misleading choice of Programs and hardware designed for the crippled 752868. The way
Words. "Peripheral Controt Adapter” is a much better Mame... eyebrows raised, or furrowed, forces me to explain.
but iackt the Pizazz tome would demand. GPIB is close, but... There are excellent products available, It is not their fault
that il just isn't worth doing! Host people aren't worth knou-
The 2858 dota contain asat Of a Peripheral Control System, ing €ither--nol because they are worthless, but because uou only
This part iz NOT FICTION! It عو veru REAL. It is (bis real have 55 much time, Mou is the time to rearrange priorities, nol
function WE can use LO advantage. 1 be slaved to old ones. I know I owas misunderstood bu most,
Mu apologies fer not Making myself clear at the time.
The SCLD permits, Cr rejects, reads and writes 16 anu ports or
"memoru Under 11 romtrot, It 13 not 1n anu way thE À nun t of This concludes Lhe ceries en bank switching, Perhaps nou uou
signals to IO port "8", but it does send status and interrupt can see why it must. A text on peripheral control weighs a few
status data to whatever CPU mau be in charge of the buss, A pounds, How much does LISTing weigh?
DEMO Program called “Sherlock Holmes” graphically displays this.
‘External CPUs are not cunchrenazed as the home 2658 is.)
The resulti of the CPU trying to read port "A" is Sometimes William J, Pedersen
a detour to reading a signat from the SCLD instead,
The SCLD uses the Same method to pull data bit @ tow fer att
interrupt cycle vector fetches in IH2,
805130 if nat misteadina. It is a local signal; one purpose S U PE R
Of Which if to Prevent interference from the jousticks.
SUMMER
1
no au for the sousticks to generate, nor interfere
lL O's output on port URU, For this reason, O's output
on 2088 to 2083 is the trigger signal to turn 805156 on. 1 MEGA
1085 fit really is! has another function, Uhen BUSI5O is IU
triggered. il steers contret to either of two port URU devices. f M
B valut of 3 تر assigned to the 5752868 peripheral protocol. In zd ISLAND ISS UE R
practice, il as more useful as a disable sianal to the local SINCLAIR TIMEX GROP
للم controller when another buss master af in ontrolt, though it ٤
t= JUSt 35 FOSSibl€ for the external buss master to USE the same
locat controller,
Here
Using the Sinclair in Telecommunications _ _ si
by Eric Yruegas
Hello to all of you out there with modems in hand, and
telecommunications on your mind! I am here to proffer some
hants and help to those novice (and experienced!) computer users
out there who have modems and want to know more about how they
wOrk and what to do with them.
first of all, let's talk a little bit about the modem itself.
Ine word modem comes from two different words MOdulate and
Di:Modulate. This simply means that the modem takes signals from
the compute which are digital (is or 05), and changes them to
١ ١ v ing voltages) signals, in the form of tones. You
+ nesrd these tones. They are similiar to touch-tone
Sounds, bur much higher in pitch. The caller uses what are
called ORIGINATE tones, while the computer that answers the
phone uses KECEIVE tones. The reason for the different set of
tones is for ease of knowing who is sending and who is receiving
data.
Now that we know what a modem is and what it does, we should
know a little about what exactly the modem is sending over the
phone line to another computer. ٥۵ term you must come familiar
with 1s the DATA WORD FORMAT or PARAMETERS. These determine how
you send data. First, there is DUPLEX. This refers to whether
you are sending or receiving. FULL DUPLEX means that you can
transmit data AND receive data at the same time. HALF duplex
means that you are doing one or the other at one time, but not
both. Most computer systems tell you to use FULL duplex, which
you should do, unless you are positive that HALF is required.
The DATA WORD is the number of bits that the modems send per
byte is receives from the computer. The data word is broken
down into three characteristics: WORD LENGTH, PARITY, and STOP
BITS. Word Length is either 7 or 8 bits. “But I thought that
the Sinclair is an 8-bit system? How can it send 7-bit data?"
Well, standard ASCII code only uses characters 0-127. This is
only a 7-bit, byte length. The Sinclairs use 128-255 for
special purposes. Thus, the 8th bit. Parity is a form of error
checking. You can have ODD, EVEN, or NO parity. Stop bits are
not really used. You can have either 1 or 2 stop bits. The only
reason that there are such things is because they were used in
old Teletypes that were slow. The most common settings are 7/1/E
(that means 7-bit word, 1 stop bit, and EVEN parity) and 0۷
(that means 8-bit word, 1 stop bit, and NO parity). A lot of
systems use the 7/1/E setting. If you get garbage on your
screen with that setting, try the 8/1/N.
"OK" you say. Now that I have a basic understanding the modem,
what do I do with it? Well, you now have many options. The
first that most modems users try is to call BBS's. A BBS is the
acronym for Bulletin Board System. This is simply a computer
that has a program that allows you to.call and leave messages
and mail to other users on that board. Most BBS‘s have MUCH
sore than that. A lot have on-line Games, Uploads (you send a
program to them), Downloads (they send you a program), and
various other things. Getting the phone numbers to these 885 e
15 usually easy. If you have a friend that has experience with
them, he can usually suggest some to call. If you know of no
one who uses BBS's, look in newsletters such as this. In the
last issue, there was a list on page 8.
Eric Yruegas
Ñ 4706 Langley Ave.
Whitehall, ېښ 43213-3124
15 my address:
ES --"— n——— — dene a ST
a
Now that you have a number to call, you must find a way to call
it. If you are using MTERM or ATERM for the `TS2@&6B, you will
find a selection on the MAIN MENU that says “Auto-dial
telephone”. This is a convenient way to call. I prefer a
different way. Since most of the BBS's I cali are busy a lot, I
have a phone on my desk that I use to call first, to see if the
line is busy. If the computer answers (you will know!), I go to
terminal mode immediately and issue the "m" modem command.
Refer to your MTERM or ATERM manual for an explanation. I then
hang up my voice phone, and I am connected to the BES. Voila!
discussion on
comments,
month's
questions or
Weil, that about concludes this
Telecommunications. If you have any
Please feel free to write!
REVIEW OF A HAPPENING IN OHIO
_ By John ñ Sampson
Well, I finally got to
go to an honest to d
ساسا air ComputerFest. I had missed the one they Neid dn
os on in November of 1983, so when I heard about this affair, I
said "Self---You better get to this one." ١
I flew to the Cincinatti Airport (which is in Kentucky by the
way) early Saturday morning, stayed overnight at the Ramada Inn
where the Computerfest was held, and flew back to New York late
arn night, after two very nice days at the affair. Between
plane fare, car rental, motel room, food and miscelaneous
expenses, it cost, me about $250. 00.. not counting the litle I
spent for the goodies.
Well, I wasn’t disappointed. I am told almost 300
all over the country attended, and they had a good
about 30 suppliers of T/S products.
people from
showing of
I got to meet and talk with Tom Woods, Bill Russell, Jerry
Aerco and Tom Bent to name a few. iia
They had a good array of T/S products on display. I would
estimate that there was about 40 percent QL, 20 percent ZX81 and
40 percent 752068 and/or Spectrum.
In addition, the People who ran the show
e : scheduled ten hourl
Seminars, five on Saturday and five on Sunday. These ee
were free and covered such topics as, Machine Code Fr ogr ammı ng
Forth, Using Data Bases to name a few, and were Very
interesting. I attended five of the
sche با لمعو m, and I got a few answers to
eee "pega سیه thing I could say about the
a e Ramada Inn was about 30 miles from the air
port and the
n not arrange inexpensive, reliable transportation 4
ncoming guests. I don't know if it was the fault Of' Ramada, or
the organizers but I chose to
rent
inconvenienced at all. eit? ee M MEN qs
computerfest, 1s
NoW that I look back on it, it was great. The
beautiful, everything went smoothly and I
software I didn’t have before, a brand new
issues of CTM and a new ñerco DOS.
weather was
brought back some
TS1500, ` some back
If there is another Computerfest being held somewhere, I
ad
all of you to attend. You probably won’t regret it. Ve
UN ۲٢ SINCLAIR USE? GROUP
P.C, Boe TRS
7927 ELUELL ST.
BUPNRRY, B,C,
LLANADA USE 3
TiS Users 611 of 7
"185-1285 Johnson 5!
1 Retorsatior
942 CloevErda ce AVENUE
yctoria BC
BNHUÜR UBX ETE
CALGARY T/5 USERS GROUP
Bo i STN G
LELED., ALBERTA
CANADA T3Q 26e
BRKERSFIELP TIMEX SINCLAIR UG
SEIT ANTA STREET
BASERSFIELL CA 5
۱885١ 871 7024
SILICON VALLEY SINCLAIR TIMES UG
P.O, BOX 3
SANTA CLARA, CA 95054-0122
75 1888 680106 4 UIC-20 GROUP
F.C. BOX 57
TOCKTON, CR GSzad
TIME» 288 USERS
1624 LOUGHBOROUGH
MELCELE, CR 95349
WEST LCS ANGELES T/5 USER'S GP
F.C. Br. 24545
‘LOS ANGELES, CA 90034
Š USEF
rv. 892 BEBB
Lu JEFF BROTHERS
USSHINGTON RREA Tes USERS GANYE
۱٩7 E
p,” ٥
tc geeis
HIONT EPEC, INTEREST GROUF-EL
443 *,E, 1GSTM STREET 9
MIAMI. FL 33173
2۷ USERS 56
o FL 33485
TH FLORIDA
BU: De:
peor APEA Top USERS GROUP
RG BOX Edd
GAFET: HARBOR, FL 33572
ایا Recher
Mel Nathansen
Të COMPUTER CLUB OF CENTRAL FL
Ben FAST ANDERSON STREET
ORLANLO, FL 32581
Groups
T+ TECHNOLOGIES USER GROUP
11331 SH, 4TH STREET
MIAMI. FL 33155
C/T JOSE HCAENO
2/۲1٤٤ GROUP
S5? CYNTHIA DRIVE
TITUSVILLE, FL 32780
HIP OF FORT PIERCE
ممم UIRGINIA RUE, SUITE 4
FCPT PIERCE, FL 80
£
R5 METUORK
GROUP
S.U.M, SINCLAIR
SINCLAIR END USERS
21 د 068800۲ CIRCLE
PALQTIWE, IL 58857
600 DIANA 7
TIMEX 1880 NATIONAL S/U EXCH
RR? BOX 162
LA GRRNGE, IL 46761
C/O GREG GUNTHORP
PCRTSHDUTH T/5 USERS GROUP
MC53 BOX 8
GREENUP, Kv 41144
(HOS) 473 5791
C c JOHN MARION
CRFITOL RREA ۴/5 USERS GROUP
P.O, BOX 725
BLADENSBURG. HD 28710
C/C JULES GESANG
JUMPERS 285۸1 5 IGLEN 1
TEZ? BAA BLUD H
GLEN BURNIE, HD 21051
BOSTON ARES 75 USERS GROUP
& C^ BORE
BILLERICA, HA 1
Cre PICK HEISER
BOSTON COMPUTER SOCIETY
17 ESTNUT STREET
BOSTON, HA 82108
Our
?
JOPLIN SINCLAIR USERS GROUP
P, 8077 1
ذال LIN. MO 23
T3 UG OF GRERTER KRNSRS CITY
4761 NU. LINDEN PORU N,
FKGNSAS CITY, MO 64151
816: 58? 8820
CO CARL MUTCH هل
GRUG
6441 20TH STREET S.E,
GRAHD RRPICS. MI 56
SINCLAIR COMP. USERS SOCIETY
P.0. 50x 36
JOHNSON CITY, NY 13790
TIHEX USERS GROUP
RT 3 807 64E
ROBINSUILLE, NC 2877
GREATER CLEVELAND AREA T/5 UG
BEL BRADLEY AVE
PARMA, OH 44129
C/@ JRHES 6. DUPUY
PORTSHDUTH REGION 775 UG
2882 SUMHIT STREET
PORTSMOUTH, OH 2
USING DOUBLE SIDED DRIVES WITH A TIMEX DISK CONTROLLER
After using a Timex disk controller with two 5 1/4" double
sided disk drives for a few weeks,
thought of only being nble to access one side of the disk. I
opened the disk controller and traced the side select line
to n controller chip. Apparently the controller has the
hardware capabilities to use double sided drives, but the
Timex Operating System does not support them. Not having the
I could'nt bear the
knowledge or desire to rewrite the TOS, I found a way to
T.$.U.6G. Cincinnati
11 Funston Lane
Cincinnati, OH 45215
Rick Johnson
T/5 USERS GROUP
4255 5, HAMILTON
COLUMBUS, OH 2
T/S USERS GROUP
P.D. BOX 372
ODLRGRH, OK 3
C.O BILL CRSEBEER
drive A.
modify a drive so that it will access both sides of a disk.
The circuit "intercepts" the B-Select signal and sends it to
the A-Select and Side-Select lines on the drive. When the
controller accesses the "B-Drive" it really gets the back of
The diagram below shows the modification I made to my
drive. I only changed one unit so I would have a "atock"
drive in case something went wrong with the modification.
(it did'nt) Follow the circuit diagram to modify your drives.
TUG (TIMEX USERS GROUP) You vill have to figure out how to do the actual "cut &
1581-8 COMPTON RUE
MRSHUILLE, TN 37212
TUG Dt
1189 HRDISON RUE
PROSPECT PARK, PA 6
Cap GARY DITLLIO
Central Pennsutvania T.S.U,G,
RD 1, Be» 95
Centre Hall. PR 15828
T/5 USERS GROUP
3180 MOCKINGBIRD
Dach tle, Tx 79189
C/O Geo Jenkins
Ft, Worth Timex User Brout
406-8388 Calmont
Ft. Unrth, TX 75115
Tim uard
Dallas Timex User Group
2624 East Par) Blvd,
Plane. TX 75874
due Barrett
600 JEO JENKINS
SEATTLE ARER T/5 USERS GROUP
3501 BETH S.E, APT 358
MERCER, UR 98048
(286) 236 56
SINCLAIR MILURUKEÉE USERS GROUP
P,D, BOX 181
JG Ono
Oa... NIS
VA
24.608
TIMEX USERS GROUP OF LAS VEGAS BULTER, UI 53887
g4P5 HOURRD DRIVE
LAS VEGAS, NU 4
MORRIS COUNTY TIMEX USERS GAQUF
6 FOBEST COURT
MORRIS PLAINS, NJ 90
CG LARRY SPENCER
LONG ISLAND SIMCLRIR-TIME* UG
P,D, BOX 438
CEHTERPORT, NY 117201
M. PASHTOON
P. DONNELLY
John Bell
Submitted bv W. Pedersen (Mostly from Computer Shopper)
jumper" changes yourself. As always, please don't try to
modifv your drive unless you know what you are doing.
ozaceo- ایب
woes cune
VE
LONG ISLAND
SINCLAIR TIMEX GROUP
» A
A PRINTING PORTA-PACKET TERMINAL FOR $139
Bob Bruninga 7
59 Southgate Avenue
Annapolis, MD 1
First Tom Clark bought one and then I
followed suit. This BROTHER model EP44 is a
battery portable typewriter that not only
nas full editing and memory printing capabi-
lities, but also has a built in RS-232 port
for use as a portable data terminal. IL is
just what we have been waiting for as far as
emergency communication in the field. It
runs on 4 D size batteries or an external
adapter. It can type on plain paper using
a thermal ribbon or thermal paper either
individual sheets or rolls.
For packet use it has a serial port
with : 3 volt swing that can be configured
for 75 to 1200 baud. It also can use both
X-line or X-on X-off handshaking to make up
for the relatively slow print speed. The
print buffer is 160 characters long. The
print speed is probably about 300 baud, but
including the carriage return time ít works
out to be more like 110 baud throughput.
The keyboard includes a 15 character LCD
display for previewing and fixing typing
errors. The print head includes a 24 by 15
matrix which gives letter quality characters.
Ihe overall dimensions are 13.2 x 10.5 x 2.2
inches which easily fits into any briefcase.
My porta-packet plans are to build a
new false bottom spaced about 1/2 inch below
the exist.üg bottom to include a Tabb TNC: 11
with most of its power supply bypassed to
run directly on 5 to 6 volts from the battery
pack internal to the typewriter. There دا
a nice lip already around the bottom which
will fit nicely into a tormed aluminum back
plate. I will have to go inside the type-
writer to bring the battery voltage out on
the extra pins in the DB-25 connector on
the side. From the new bottom plate which
houses the TNC,:all that is needed is the
audio and PTT connections to my ICOM-2AT
to complete the porta-packet station.
This looks like a fantastic buy at only
$139 and | hope that we can now go to the
field with Packet Radio and show the world
what we can do. This article has been typed
using the EP44 on plain paper using the
thermal ribbon.
fem AMAD newch ge, `
WBYAPR PoRTA-PACKET TERMIVA
Q
= add مه aluminum
bottom plate
Pocket TNC
The EPYY has a swith lo place it in Fermana) moda,
Then, yov may set up the Communication parameters که
fellow sz BAUD 300, Gir 7, PANY Æ cope yw, ER N.
BE SURE عيملا TNE HA; oumur OFF and XFiow QV and
daly vic œ 3 wwe RS-132 interface cab le. LF you vse
more ot the handshaking sig nels , it won F work right
Once yov have set HH EP VY parameters, st will
reen een ber Mem suet like the TAK~Q. There ¿£ ne
Software involved, Just turn thom both ó, and operete.
There i$ enough room athe tray fer aset of C rte
nicads to power the TMC for try ly portable apera tion,
3/,
W BY APR
E P-44 /TAPR-2
BASERLATE
MOUNTING TRAY
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A `` يد
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LIH
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mas:
m 1 $
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yst e تچ
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cane dizk'z
cept TART
Erag 7 wo!
Or c benerit
from t ,error-praar
load 9
START tatal dizk and
"instantly: . 8 hex number
io each pro g£, A zinsgie
KEY press iu anu Legal
Program and itamaticatty
GO TG and i DiRectioru.
ALL this in sn AK memory.
START is se img after the
interface r fiom if hit.
One GF the p Ë £ uzins the
CPT command د the sutomatic
SCROLL Function. There are tuo
Ways to curtaii the Length af
the directoru sna still use all
the programs and mamaru you mau
uish to use.
I keep mu program LENGTH =1 4
Lines iiess tines=feeter access}
1 AS in the original Demo disc
use t.DIR1idirce EE The
START program š ieticaity
GOTO 38 DIR ع š t it and
then icad ku umber,
2 Make the Saber"
lines, ig; P Hx etc.
invisibie. € using.
the command. Rriame3 “i.
There is no CH. ee tHE
file is stil your
Programs use i ine Less
on the CAT menu
If you ever access these
data sectis aze them or
to change rem ATTR+#
“{Pathname!+.¢+ his Will make
ALL the Lines Le again.
Use the short iseder program to
Set-up the Hat iine. AFter the
Program stops, keep line i oniy.
Then key in the mein Program.
Placins iine (tc REM saves
time. Add ii PORE "URL
236568".
The smaili iz chine code
Line i, = B8 d ecreen
dump From th وګ cua re
routine bu # rtung.This
loads the Go D bites end
Stores them zz Got, ,
The routine € CAT liist.
Line کات poke Lues into
the MC rapid S8 the zcreen
to the right 5. Lines 48-
45 print num 4,
If uo have any Problems ar
Comments abs T give me s
Cali ai Fis f write to
George Giide 1@Sth St.
Forest Hillis 3279
L REN
ie FoR
ze READ
لات DATA €
B4.237,.1
GO SUB URL £:
d LET kKzPI:;PI:
zK-K: LET S=uURL
DIM Y$(S1: LET
: ËET Dz5-K: LET esu
L 6°: LET Y4K4K: POKE VAL د
S3S658",T-K-K:
3 CLS : LET H$-"sssxxXxxxxó
د وی د ځا gE د te PRINT INK
L. “AE, US START PROGRAM UITH A
UTO-LOAD xz 1335 GEORGE GİL
DER x" وتوا
4 PRINT INK K'""""Thisz Progra
m is @ protected. I give permis
Sion for this prosramto be used
as pubiic domai Provided ii
nes 3 & 4 are t intact or a
re used in R ""George Gitder
5/85"
CLS : CAT s: LET a
‘ORE O45-T,Y: POKE
P4 POKE Q+Ħ,J: POKE
Q +M +F , UAL ZU
30 RANDOMIZE USR Q: FOKE GQ45-T
4L: PORE Q+G,USL "54": POKE Han,
Y: PORE D+M+K USL ge E Ee dee
48 CLS : RAaNDOHMIZE USR O: PRIN
T AT J,Jj; “ 5
45 FOR F-K TË 5: LET G$=CHR$ i
Se IF CODE G$:Z4M THEN LET G$=
CHR$ (F424:
SS IF SCREENS (F4+6,K4+K) =" " TH
EN GO TO "Ta
6@ PRINT INK KAT fr4G,J0;G5: NE
xT F
122 PRINT ar: INK K+K; FLASH K;
"PRESS CODE NO. TO LOAD PROGRAM"
1180 LET NS=INKEYS: IF N£-"" THE
N GO TO TTT-T
120 DIM ü£i53: IF CODE N$>Z4M T
HEN LET NS=STRS (CODE nz-Z-G)
125 FOR F=F To S: LET O£(F)-SCR
EENS ( (UAL N£«33,F): NEXT F
158 IF os To I=" DIR " THEN L
ET ü&£-g$í TO T-K)4".DIR": GO TO
#0%$: GO TO 5
16580 IF SIT TO ):5" " THEN
LET Q$-Q$í TO T-K)s"."40£(T TO )
LOAD ü$
10s LET M$=N$ikKk+K TO T-K): LOAD
3
SEN CLEAR : SAVE szs"STRRT' LINE
DENG
Levei @ Drive A
Name Tye Size Attoc SP
1 MATHS DIR 3187 4k E
2g FUN DIR 8212 13K F
3 UTIL DIR 4891 Lik P
4 FILING DIR 1870 PF. P
S HELP 11431 12 P
6 GGOTAL Bas 18255 Lik
7 GGSPK Bas 14760 15K P
SG SPKBLE BAS 7768 BE P
E SEDE 3730 4k P
8 ووو 11
E: DIR 24383 Sek F
C 2619 3
Û Ea 2331 3
E i442 ek
PRESS CODE NG. TO LOAD PROGRAM
SUPER
SUMMER
MEGA ah
ISSUE : (Lat
| wide
emery ووم وأو fer J lok ٧ rartpacs yl Š Vr
3 ` N ۱
٢ i
" VN 50
ا 1
ESSE.
d eos
NI i
RPI (A) Jat Wat
حتت
Romes
RPI (AM)
The T/S rampacs use address line A14 as an enable, Bu
interrupting and controlling this signal ue can control where the
rampac will be mapped. This circuit will map three rampacs RPI à
16384, RP2 à 32768, RPS 8 49152. The top 32K of ram can only be
used for variable storage or ram disk. If your basic program
pushs the display file into this area your program will be
transformed into a graphic’s generator. All other lines to the
rampacs except A14 remain the same.
D Dalley
—s s.Ə—
Š
-
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
Tit. iTS ABOUT CP/M, TS/TC2068, TC2048, ZX81, 151590, AND OL
BY N.A. PASHTOON
The july issue of Sinclair User has the most momentous news as
far as the 2068 users are concerned. It seems that two weeks before
the Sinclair sellout to Amstrad, TIMEX Corp. had bagged the complete
rights to the Sinclair line of computers in Eastern Europe.
Timex(Portugal) has just completed a deal with Poland (see page 1) to
sell 866,000 of the 2068 computers, plus 290,000 FDD disk drive
systems. Thedeal is worth $70M. A similiar deal with Czeckoslovakia is
either in the works or already concluded. The news is heartening that
not only is the 2068 alive and well but such large production will
probably make the computer the 3rd or 4th computer with the biggest
user base. Frankly, though, I am not very much optimistic about much
expanded software base for the computer, because of the peculiar
attitude toward software in Communist countries. We will keep our
fingers crossed and hope. By the way I am grateful to LIST member Andy
K. (editor, THE RAMTOP) for sending me the info. See also P.1.
In the pages to follow reference material as well as some other
tidbits about our favorite computers is provided.
wel) CP/M: I have been using the Zebra CP/M system with my 2068 for the
last two months. CP/M(Control Program for Microcomputers) is an early
(vintage '73) disk operating system with a very large public domain
and low cost excellent software base. The Zebra's Portugese CP/M
system is basically a low cost upgrade to your existing Zebra Disk
Drive System. The system will still run your Timex or Spectrum
software. Note that to run Spectrum software ycu neec to equip your
2068 with the Spectrum emulator as well as the interface to the disk
drive must be Spectrumized. The CP/M ( version 2.2) system comes with
its standard suite of system utilities. We wil] probably publish a
review in the future. Presently I am exploring the compatibility of
Zebra's CP/M with any U.S. CP/M machines. After some investigation I
found out that a 5 1/4" diskette prepared under the Timex CP/M can be
read and written to by Televideo T$802/803/806., though the reverse is
not true. At thé present the only way to run CP/M software would be by
serial transfer of files between another CP/M based computer and the
Zebra CP/M system.
wiz) More than three months ago I delivered a working and tested
prototype for a dual personality module, so that Zebra's disk drives
will run both 152068 and Soectrum software. At the time Zebra issued a
bulletin anouncing the availability of the product. The present
catalog does not mention the product. After talking with Zebra
Systems, I was assured that the product will be available in the fall.
Note that with the CP/M upgrade and this module you literally have
three computers under your finger tips. If you have any inquiries
please direct them to Zebra Systems.
w3) On Page 13 of this issue of LIST John Beli has a circuit for
running double-sided disk drives with the Zebra Disk Controller. As
can be seen he uses 74LS@8 which has a totem pole output stage. If you
are in the habit of connecting and disconnecting your cables every ten
miutes like me , you can at least burn the chip by installing the
cable upside down. The remedy is to use open collector sourced logic
with proper pull up resistors. An example is the circuit shown in
Fig.l(from a British source)which makes the second side of a double
sided disk drive appear as though it was an i ndependentsecond drive.
Page 23
~
i
EET.
1502
Ja SE T
i zi Pin3
1 | 17417
; trea f ndar : i q
ihe pin numbers shown are for standard 5 ته ee A 5
L/4* drive edge connector í ipl the VOID Py
1/4 iri ve 1 : ككفت Ora 10
/ 417 Close to the power Suppiy pin. É Lat in
jinaect unused inputs through a Hk putiu; ie "
7 t 1 4 et be D
tor F^ ne hy ID] Y.
æ 4; While on the subject ot 5 1/4" disk drives, members of LIST have
operated زوع مجم ماع ره [1 À the i 11 vinj j with Cite 1 i AUT A
controller. Both Bob G. and John B. are using the Kemex
drives which
were advertised for $39.95. [ have used tor many months two TEAC 4غ
r. drives must be
drives without any problems. Please note that the
seperately powered. The rule of thumb is that any
jr!ve with a Shugart standard edge connector ind à
time of 6 milliseconds would work with the Zebra Controller.
wi5) ROM-BASED EMULATION: [n the June issue of LIST
Pau
when used with Wes B.'s ROM emulation circuit. (see
40
max
track 5 1/4"
munm access
|! Donnelly nad
mentioned a problem users were having with a new batch of NEC ROMs
also earlier
issues of LIST). To cure the problem just swap the connections to pin
¿ð and pin 27 of the ROM chip. With this connection bo
th
the NEC as
well as the AMD ROM chips will work. For those of you who had fully
populated the Zebra interface board(twistor and emulator*RGB), or
planning doing so in the future there is no need to wo
rry.
are
[he circuit
which was developed Dec.'84 (reported in Feb.'85 LIST) does work with
any Spectrum ROM.
- : و" ۸ Ats
ms 6)ZX81 MEMORY EXPANSION: For those of vou I |
“ho have equipped your 2x81 with 64k of i
memory andre bugged by the display rile TA
Jumping all over the place the nifty
circuit to the right (Fig.2) will totally
Free up the 32K to 48K area for any of L
your machine code routines. Note that one Zx اغ ULA
trace to the ULA is broken so that the ik 2 1
resistor can be installed. The source of :
the tip is Swedish. Fie. 2
= )2050 MODEM CIRCUIT: In the Feb.'
modem circuit was published. At the time we did
portion of the circuit. In Fig.3 the remainder
provided.
m™3)TS2068 Circuit Diagram:
years and from time to time
=I encounterd errors on the schematic provided
zin Fig.4 an updated schematic is presented in which
errors were corrected. I cannot
not
86 LIST the major portion of the 2050
have the relay
à. t
of the modem circuit is
Working with the ۱52068 for the last three
tracing the circuit board while repairing,
in the technical manual.
otal of 17
confirm the assertion in à recent
issue of THE RAMTOP that the W1 and W2 links are the reverse of what
they are indicated on the schematic.
SCLD and TC2068/2048 PAL PINOUTS: 971520868 سس
33 a service to the TIMEX community orderd
Portugal. Portugal mistakenly se
might be seeing more of these (v
off my notes of the TC2068 review(May-June '85 List}:
tracing of the machine. In Fig.5 the Pinout of both
the TC-PAL are Super-imposed.
[he 68. Pin chips are in PLCC package with the outli
and
Recently another user group
the SCLD chips from
nd them the TC series PALs.
ia Mexico or Canada) I decided to dust
Since we
complete the
the TS-SCLD and
not
the Same.
chips are manufactured by ITT(4LCS-68-03SMT), AMP (46401345-1 or 2),
(Cont'd on p.28) Page 24 `
^vi ~-
> `
SZ
Line
(1o Pin ç
OTHER al
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4747
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PHONE
Eram Pin 24 of Uz
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2: Reay CIRCUIT
Fi e Fog THE: 6 MODEM 3
July bé: A IST.
auum
5 5 8 ع
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220K
47 DE
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ad
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GE 4N29
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3.4, Juv 1966 LIST
aer EE `
Sas ar mas tye سوا دس سه ٠۰۰ هجام tg M conde? at LII Tu
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eb ا — ERRORS CP ER
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OTT SIONAL OA rt. BU TAME Û Xt OF ANY CLAN) na f MUCK PRODUC i A RN my ١١ ۱١ vH
Fo id ano موسو وه AMT PATENT OM ONAR ووو TRA سسوم ٨٨٩ مسوم ` SS) ٢ 4
"e 1 IDONEA ] ten Total te "
8 eorr a Zoe NOTES: مس ora nme مھ ef 0 m Q arrecha 17
o (Ad SI سب ouo 3) ALL 0٨ 08۱0۸٣ ARE 1/4 W, ۵٥ RATED m اوس 198 be ~
وه | el ' 7 D لع ALL CAPACITORS ANE RATED MN ووي مم 1: | Creo aate en
2 ° = 043C1 سملن psesec WBEAT wik WE ate, aja وس وام ووو
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TC2048
m
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SYNCH 30
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BOTTOM SIDE
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TS2068 SCLD pinout
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TC2068, TC2048 PAL pinout ec
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er designations).
1 = = لنا 5
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a ه ن Ec > 2 ا چاو 2 2 + 2 2 وا 2 s EE Ë ع
e
No) ع 5 8 8 8 5 5 ۵ 5 8 8 5 5 هو به ٧ عم خم یکم
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cd
SpA. PAA \
METHOD( #¢213-868-002). I have made timing measurements on the two
chips. trom a timing point of view it is not possible to distinguish
the two chips. One pleasant surprise with the PAL chip was that it
provides RGBI, 30 you can dipiay 16 colors with RGB monitors. This
necessated updating the [C2868 expansion bus connector. The update is
+v Shown in Fig.6.
99 |0)151598 ULA: Recently I purchased the [51508 schematic diagram from
SUNSET ELECTRONICS. The schematic was prepared by Bob Orfelt, a Timex
enthusiast and developer. [he pin numbering of the ULA was in error.
In Fig.7 the [S1500 ULA is shown with corrected pin numbers. Further I
took the liberty of renaming some pins to make it correspond to the
standard TIMEX nomenclature(Sorry about that Bob!). If you need the
complete diagram order it from SUNSET ELECTRONICS.
wa&lljQL MEMORY EXPANSIONS: ۴1۹.8 and Fig.9 show memory expansions for
the QL. In Fig.8 memory expansion to 64K or 128K is shown using the
4164 chips. Fig.9 shows the memory expansion to 256K using the 41256
chips. Both circuits utilize the TI [M54599 memory controller. I saw
the [M54500 in a recent flyer from JAMECO for $19.95. (Source:British)
WRi2)PUZZLE: Photo 1 and photo 2 show a mystery computer, actual size. I
am going to be nasty and leave you guessing about which computer it
is. Just a word of advice: If you encounter this computer any where,
and have spare cash with you BUY IT!!!! Guranteed you will be very
pleasntly surprised. (Cont'd on.P.30)
wy
£
" و
^
YUMA
7
ارب
1
=<
Jb م RDwL
(G4 k Conn `
FF1 = %IC2 = 74LS74
N1 = %IC3=74LS32 3
مو
DTACKLO
Fig.8: QL memory expansion to either 64K or 128K.
Note that the each memory chip and the TMS4500
has to be bypassed by O.1uF ceramic capacitors.
Use 150 nSec. access time or faster memory chips.
29
¿t IG, 7
CPU
RESET =
DSMCL
Seen \
3
Aig 2 2k2
Aig
وا1 08
IC, 74.50
DSL
(AS RAS Ag Ap ES
WE
mc" da 7. ISl. -
p, Pes ig Aa ooo m j oa" 6 45:
* D &Q of each chip linked toa seperate dato line
Fig.9: QL memory expansion to 256K
Bypass the memory chips and the
TMS4500 to GND by O.1uF ceramic
caps. Ql's bus pinout shown on
YA . E
=
in invanteruw
e
IBM DISCONTINUES TIMEX/SINCLAIR LOOKALIKE
| Industry watchers, listeners, and smellers were stunned last week at IBM's an-
nounced withdrawal from the Timex/Sinclair-clone market. Manufacturing m tha
PCtot by subcontractor Joe's Garage (Sleazonia, WV) will cease by the end of April.
According to IBM, however, the cessation of production does not mean the company i»
abandoning the PCtot. A spokesman said, “We’ll continue to market tha rnachine; wo mo
»onfident that customer demand will remain strong for the dozens of ووس machines
x people who have already bough: Petars let m sapo
+ A
(Cont'd from pace
WB 13)After reading the ads
British
magazines, if vou hid wondered Where
can you get the low cost Babanî series
of paperback books, the answer is
right here on the Island, The books
are supplied by
Electronic Tecnology Today Inc.
PO Box 240
Massapequa Park, NY li762-0240
Their catalog lists hundreds of title
in electronics. Titles o? interest to
us are:
BP114:Art of Prog. 16K 2481
BP119:Prog. the ZX Spectru
BP124:Easy Add-On Projs. Eech
w
J
`~
3
Co 0n
»pectrum
ZX81 and ACE $6.50
BP128:20 Progs. for the ZX Spectrum
and 2X81 $5.00
BP156:An Introd. to Q. Mach. Code$o.25
BP161: INTO tne QL Arcnive $b
BP162:Counting on QL Abacus
The S&H is $1.00. Local orders
the local sales tax. [ney res;
fast.
WR 14(8 curious note about our computers
appeared in an important trade journal
(Electronic Design News), which I am
reproducing in its entirety below. You
are supposed to guess tne month of
publicaton. Have a nice summer,
N. Pashtoon, Port Jefferson, NY
HIVA ii S
$^
PUZZLE: Is this Microdigital TK90X (Brazilian), or an Investronica (Spanish)
computer, or one Cedric B.'s creations?
Answer: None of the above. So what is it?
mm
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SIPER SIIMMER_MFGA ۲۹8۶ -
COMPUTER DICTIONERY
The number of new words spewed out by Timex-
too much for our wordologist. In future, we
the publication ín which they appeared (Editors
asking our membership who subscribe to the other pu
tell us what they think it means.
The member who supplies the greatest
the accolade of his peers and absolut
TROBLESHOOT
Sinclair related publication has become
'11 just be listing the words we find and
of newsletters,please note). We're
blications to review the entry and
number or highest quality submission will receive
ely nothing else as a special PRIZE.
A hunt for avian/insects in your computer.
Troubles are a cross between turkeys and tribbles.
NERVE RACKING Putting your nerves on a shelf while you try to
load a new program.
I.B.A. Computer Users Network
PO Box 11174
Chattanooga, TN 37401-2174
615-821-4730
WIDJUP CO.
1120 Merrifield
Grand Rapids, MI 49507
Nick Godwin
4 Hurkur Crescent
Eyemouth Berwickshire
Scotland TD14 SAP
Robert C. Fischer
Rt. 2 Box 24-H
St. George, SC 29477
Thomas B. Woods
PO Box 64
Jefferson, N.H. 03583
RMG Enterpises
1419 1/2 7th Street
Oregon City, Or 97045
Géorge Fetherman - 813-546-4278
5956 45th Avenue No.
St. Petersburg, Fl. 33709
Lu š
VENDOR REPORT
: ALON
'S6*61$
Aou ST (S8II-9Z#) 191483 113203 seus 81
TS Source Guidebook
(615) 821-5770
V. Dixon
Sounds Familiar
Reports
Prototype 208168 switching
hardware available. Uses
"Semi-IBM Compatable" bus.
ZX81 Extended BASIC &
ZX Broadsheet, a newsletter for
ZX81 users.
Extended BASIC - 44 Commands,
£10. d
Extensions to PRO/FILE $6 each
3 avaiiable
T/S Grader - $20
Beniests Basic $19.95 (Cassette)
Bent's Basic $24.95 (ROM)
32K NVRAM (2068) $109.95
Universal I/O board $69.95
Hot Ë, etc.
Supports TS,QL Computing
Has Keytops for 2068
$3.75 including postage
PRO/FILE to WAFA Drive
enhancements - $11.00
including shipping
TP See
LISTing Policy: T
5 7 D
Annual Dues..............$15.00 Issue Price $1.50 (includes P&P) - Double Issues %4.09
One "Sample" copy sent upon receipt of large SASE.
Copies provided on exchange basis with other bona fide user groups.
L.I.S.T.íng is published monthly by LIST (Long Island Sínclair Timex) Group
& non-for-profit users group.
NOTE: PARTIAL YEAR MEMBERSHIPS AVAILABLE
Ali are equal
Normal membership year is Feb. through Jan. at cost of $15.00 (US) In alcohëi content.
By keeping as many members as possíble on that basis, we keep our (cm
costs and chances of error down. : um
m ل |
Us te lw
Beer 4 55 by volume: Wine: IN by volume
` 90 proot or 40% by voiume
If you wish to begin subscribing later ín the year, please sign
up for the end of this year and all of next.
We vill accept partial years or different subscription runs,
on a limited basis (particularly from members outside the U.S.)
But, please be aware that, in addition to possible rate increases,
your "account" must be handled "by hand" and errors may occur.
International (ex Canada) subscribers will receive as many
issues as we can afford to mail
POLICY OF CONTRIBUTED MATERIAL:
We are alvays looking for interesting artícles, programs, reviews etc., to
keep our members informed and entertained. Articles submitted for publishing
are printed on the folloving basis.
1) You,the writer, maintain the full copyright and can
resell, lend or give away your work, as you wish.
2) We are granted the right to publish your material,
in the original issue ín which it appears. Reprints
(e.g., to supply orders for back issues) will in-
clude your material as a part of its original issue.
We are not allowed to sell your material in any
other way, without your express written consent.
We can't (for now) pay you for your material, but
you will receive a copy of the issue in which it
is published, even if you're not a member. You
may get more than one issue and you will definitely
earn the respect and appreciation by your grateful
peers.
L4
@Copyright 1988, LIST Group. "o portion of this publication may be
reproduced, in any form, without the express written consent of LIST
or the original author.
Articles represent the opinion of the author and not necessarily the ':5T Group. LI
disclaims any responsibility for anything you may do to your computer às a result of
reading any article in 77
Please note our new address - PO BOX 438, Centerport, N.Y. 11721-0434
Mail sent to the old address must be forwarded there and will take
longer to reach us.
SUPER
SUMMER
MEGA
ISSUE
$3.50
١
+e û Sons inc
i
1
$
A public service ممت
A . Ge,
*. esi
206279
21 SPrdey و هتد
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"UN ‘“INORGUG لمآ مرجع
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NEXT Meeting y. nior Pd
۷ D
Runtíogron Public Library لبیک C Ae لد Pec (D
RT 25K Main Street Kips. `. > halb Poss :
Buntiaetoa, N.Y. 5 (IT. ` Ji
September 14, 1986 (Sunday)
at 2:PN
L.I.E. or N.$.P. to Rt 110 N,
Follow 110 accross RT 25 to RT 25A
Co left on 254, Library is 4 blocks zy
down co the left.
Live Music
Archive
Librivox
Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland
Museum of Art
Internet
Arcade
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9/11